The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, also known as PEPFAR, is America's initiative to combat the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. AVERT.org has a general introduction to PEPFAR – including information about the history of the plan, its policies, overall targets and results, and how it is changing.

When PEPFAR was signed into law in 2003 it was "the largest commitment by any nation to combat a single disease in human history".¹ The plan was renewed in 2008 to provide $48 billion for a further five years to tackle HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

How is this money spent? What kinds of organisations help to plan and implement PEPFAR, and who receives the most money?

Who does the money go to?

Which U.S. Government Agencies are involved in distributing the money?

The expenditure of money is coordinated by the Global AIDS Coordinator's office (OGAC), but is distributed through a number of government agencies which include the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Health (HHS), the U.S. Department of Defence, the Department of Labor, the Peace Corps and the Census Bureau.

Within HHS a number of different agencies are involved including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Health Resource and Services Administration (HRSA), and the National Institute of Health (NIH). HHS manages the central funding for providing care and antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive people, and prevention activities through safe blood programmes. USAID manages the central funding for orphans and vulnerable children, for behaviour change through abstinence and being faithful, and for the Supply Chain Management System contract (see below).²

How is the money distributed?

Organisations and governments that receive PEPFAR money directly from a U.S. government agency are known as "prime" partners. Many of these prime partners in turn give grants to "subpartners" who help to implement PEPFAR's plans.

PEPFAR money is provided not only for programmes managed by Country Teams (US teams implementing PEPFAR in the focus countries), but also through central funding mechanisms that fund regional initiatives serving more than one country. Examples of central programmes are the Abstinence and Be Faithful programme, the Blood Transfusion Safety programme and the Supply Chain Management programme. Such programmes provide central support for partners working in a number of countries.

The division between country-managed programmes and centrally funded programmes was highlighted in the Institute of Medicine’s report on the progress of PEPFAR, as an issue hindering PEPFAR’s commitment to “harmonization” with national HIV/AIDS responses. The report revealed that centrally managed contracts are seen to undermine country level strategy and funding decisions.³

The development of Partnership Frameworks is intended to ensure that Country Teams and governments are at the forefront of planning and decision-making, so that the HIV/AIDS response is specific to each country’s epidemic.

How much money has been provided for each country?

PEPFAR provides the following figures for the funding for each focus country in fiscal year (FY) 2004, FY 2005, FY 2006, FY 2007 and FY 2008. ^4 5

Focus countries account for about half of PEPFAR's total budget, with the rest divided between the Global Fund, other bilateral programmes, and other activities (including research).

Country	FY 2004 ($millions)	FY 2005 ($millions)		FY 2006 ($millions)	FY 2007 ($millions)	FY 2008 ($millions)	FY 2009 ($millions)
Botswana	24.3	51.8		54.9	76.2	93.2	92.1
Côte d'Ivoire	24.3	44.4		46.6	84.4	120.5	124.8
Ethiopia	48.1	83.7		123.0	241.8	354.5	346.0
Guyana	12.1	19.4		21.7	28.4	23.8	20.5
Haiti	28.0	51.8		55.6	84.7	100.6	105.5
Kenya	92.5	142.9		208.3	368.1	534.8	541.5
Mozambique	37.5	60.2		94.4	162	228.6	226.4
Namibia	24.5	42.5		57.3	91.2	108.9	107.1
Nigeria	70.9	110.3		163.6	304.9	447.6	442.3
Rwanda	39.2	56.9		72.1	103	123.5	123.0
South Africa	89.3	148.2		221.5	397.8	590.9	551.2
Tanzania	70.7	108.8		130.0	205.5	313.4	311.2
Uganda	90.8	148.4		169.9	236.6	283.6	285.9
Vietnam	17.4	27.6		34.1	65.8	88.9	89.0
Zambia	81.7	130.1		149.0	216	269.2	270.4
Total*	751.3	1,227.0		1,602.0	2,666.4	3,681.9	3,631.9

* This total does not reflect all assistance provided by PEPFAR.

PEPFAR funding issues

Transparency in the distribution of PEPFAR funds

During its first two years of operation (early 2004 until early 2006) PEPFAR published very little information about its activities and partner organisations. Some data were released by OGAC, by USAID or by U.S. embassies, but it was impossible to track the flow of all PEPFAR money.

Although the situation has improved significantly since early 2006, PEPFAR continues to be cagey in its public relations. In November 2006, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) published the results of a yearlong investigation into PEPFAR, during which it had interviewed numerous U.S. government employees and recipients of PEPFAR funding.⁶ According to their report:

"During the investigation, reporters encountered PEPFAR officials who couldn't answer basic questions about the program they oversee, recipients of PEPFAR money who were reluctant to criticize their donor out of fear of losing funding and Freedom of Information Act requests that were stalled for months... Requests for interviews and information from OGAC's Washington office were often ignored; dozens of phone calls and emails were never returned... In several instances, organizations receiving PEPFAR money had to request clearance from the U.S. government before talking to reporters."

An executive of Family Health International - a leading recipient of PEPFAR funding - told the ICIJ that her organisation had stopped writing press releases to avoid official scrutiny. She said that the U.S. government "is constantly on the alert to any program that might draw attention or negative press."

“The CGD has called for PEPFAR to release more data, in the interests of improving transparency and accountability. ”

Frustrated by such lack of transparency, the ICIJ took the State Department to court to try to gain access to their funding database. After a yearlong lawsuit, the State Department released a small portion of data relating to fiscal years 2004 to 2006. Despite containing numerous errors, the Center for Global Development (CGD) was able to use this data to produce a report analysing how PEPFAR funds had been distributed.⁷

The CGD has called for PEPFAR to release more data, in the interests of improving transparency and accountability.

The New Partners Initiative

The New Partners Initiative, which was announced on World AIDS Day 2005, will provide $200 million for HIV prevention and care grants to focus country organisations that have previously received little or no U.S. funding. The aim is to increase the number of PEPFAR partners and to "build local ownership of HIV/AIDS responses for the long term.” ⁸

The first 22 recipients of funding under the New Partners Initiative were named in December 2006.⁹ Since then, two more rounds of grant awards have been announced - 14 in 2007,¹⁰ and 19 in 2008.¹¹ Although the New Partners Initiative was meant to increase support for local groups, roughly half of the chosen organisations in the first two rounds are based in the US or Europe. Just 5 of the 19 organisations awarded grants in 2008 are indigenous.

PEPFAR views faith-based groups as priority local partners because many people participate in religious institutions, and they are important providers of health services in many focus countries.¹² The share of new grants awarded to faith-based organisations under the New Partners Initiative has declined, with just 7 out of the 19 announced in 2008 compared to 15 out of the 22 announced in 2006.

The Supply Chain Management System (SCMS) contract

HIV/AIDS programmes require a large number of products, and effective supply management is critical to the delivery of these products. Any interruption to the supply of antiretroviral drugs can be literally life threatening, but there is also a need to avoid waste, and to address such issues as drug diversion and counterfeiting.

PEPFAR has the objective of providing an uninterrupted supply of high-quality, low cost products that flow through an accountable system, and in order to achieve this USAID decided to issue a contract to establish and operate:

"A safe, secure, reliable, and sustainable Supply Chain Management System (SCMS) to procure and distribute pharmaceuticals and other commodities needed to provide care and treatment of people with HIV/AIDS and related infections." ¹³

The SCMS contract was awarded to the Partnership for Supply Chain Management in 2005. It is designed to provide a one-stop shop for HIV/AIDS supplies and supply-related services for use by all HIV/AIDS programmes funded by PEPFAR. In FY 2006, the SCMS received $82 million - more than any other PEPFAR partner. ¹⁴

Since the SCMS began to operate in 2006 over $247 million worth of products have been delivered to 23 countries.¹⁵  The SCMS has secured lower prices for ARVs by purchasing generics wherever possible; in FY 2007 some 93% of drugs (by volume) delivered were generics. ¹⁶

However, concerns about the SCMS have been raised by various stakeholders. In a May 2006 statement, the Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (EPN) said it fears that the system could destabilise existing, well-functioning supply chains, and that it may be unsustainable. It also criticised PEPFAR for not involving stakeholders from target countries when it designed the SCMS. ¹⁷

The Institute of Medicine has emphasised the need for careful monitoring of the SCMS's implementation, stressing the importance of strengthening existing local, national and regional systems rather than creating "a parallel , U.S.-controlled system".¹⁸

Who are PEPFAR's partners?

Who receives the most money?

The Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator publishes lists of PEPFAR's prime partners in FY 2007 (from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007). These lists reveal how much money PEPFAR agreed to pay each partner for work within each focus country during that year.¹⁹

Analysis of the data reveals that the top prime partners, in terms of obligated funds in FY 2007, were as follows:

Partner	Type	Funding in FY 2007	Funding in FY 2006
Partnership for Supply Chain Management	Consortium	$185 million	$82 million
Family Health International	Nonprofit	$119 million	$55 million
Catholic Relief Services	Faith-based	$103 million	$42 million
Columbia University	University	$84 million	$27 million
Focus country government departments	Government	$84 million	$42 million
US Centers for Disease Control and Prev.	US government	$83 million	$54 million
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation	Nonprofit	$52 million	$38 million
University of Maryland	University	$51 million	$29 million
Harvard University	University	$50 million	$20 million
US Agency for International Development	US government	$33 million	$28 million

The top ten list for FY 2007 includes three universities, two US government agencies and one faith-based organisation. The top forty includes seven universities, four commercial companies, four faith-based organisations and two US government agencies.

For more detailed information, see our documents about PEPFAR partners in 2007 (PDF - 40kb), PEPFAR partners in 2006 (PDF - 36KB) and PEPFAR partners in 2005 (PDF - 36KB).

Who are the partners?

What follows is a list of some of PEPFAR's most active international partners and their projects, grouped by type. Each of these partners has received at least $1 million from PEPFAR for activities in focus countries, and several will eventually receive more than $100 million.

Note that each partner's name acts as a link to that partner's own website, and words in bold refer to organisations or projects profiled in this page.

Academic institutions

Groups linked to universities offer technical advice and assistance based on research into prevention, care, treatment and communication strategies.

Columbia University established the International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs (ICAP) in July 2004, as part of its Mailman School of Public Health. ICAP includes three major initiatives/programmes in African focus countries: the MTCT-Plus Initiative (supporting comprehensive HIV care and treatment for HIV-infected women and their families, in cooperation with USAID), the Multicountry Columbia Antiretroviral Program (providing treatment, in cooperation with the CDC), and the University Technical Assistance Program (CDC-funded).

Harvard University works with PEPFAR in Botswana, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania and Vietnam, in particular through the Harvard Medical School Division of AIDS and the Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative (HAI). The HAI directs its research efforts toward developing HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment strategies for the worst affected parts of the world, and partners with overseas organisations to develop sustained education and training programmes.

Indiana University’s School of Medicine was awarded $60m over five years in November 2007 for its Academic Model for Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS (AMPATH) programme, run jointly with Moi (Kenya) University Teaching and Referral Hospital. The grant is intended to provide care for 150,000 Kenyans living with HIV, in addition to the roughly 50,000 already being cared for under the programme.

The International Training and Education Center on HIV (I-TECH) is a collaboration of the University of Washington (UW) and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), funded through a cooperative agreement with the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). I-TECH supports training of health care workers who provide HIV/AIDS clinical care, in at least seven focus countries. In FY 2007, the HRSA presented a $29.7m grant to King Holmes, director of the UW Center for AIDS & STD, head of the I-TECH, and the chief of the Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease at Harborview Medical Center.

Johns Hopkins University, via the Bloomberg School of Public Health's Center for Communication Programs (CCP), works to prevent HIV infection by designing and implementing strategic communication programmes; by enhancing access to information and the exchange of knowledge; and by conducting research in health communication. CCP is active in most of the African focus countries, and is a member of the MEASURE DHS programme.

The University of Maryland runs the Institute of Human Virology (IHV), which is dedicated to developing improved methods of prevention and treatment of chronic viral and immune disorders - most notably HIV. The IHV has researchers in several focus countries and is a member of the AIDSRelief consortium. The IHV was awarded $49m in 2008 to provide care and treatment to Nigerians living with HIV and AIDS

Commercial companies

A number of US-based firms provide various services including management, training and consultancy.

Abt Associates is one of the world's largest for-profit government and business research and consulting firms. Abt Associates helps to mobilise and coordinate multi-sectoral responses to HIV and AIDS, and provides technical advice and assistance based on its own research. It is the leader of an AIDSTAR consortium. PEPFAR supports the firm's work with governments and organisations in several African focus countries and Vietnam.

BroadReach Healthcare develops and manages the distribution and financing of health care systems around the world. It was awarded up to $98m over five years beginning in 2007 to work with the South African government to expand HIV and AIDS treatment and care throughout the country. BroadReach is also one of the core partners of the Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems programme.

Futures Group International specialises in the design and implementation of public health and social programmes for developing countries. It is involved in the Community REACH and MEASURE Evaluation programs and was chosen as one of four contractors that can bid for funds under USAID's Health Policy Initiative.

John Snow Incorporated (JSI) is a commercial company which provides management assistance, information and training to public health programmes. Activities related to HIV and AIDS include those concerned with injection safety, supply chain management (including the DELIVER project) and monitoring and evaluation (including MEASURE Evaluation). JSI works in many African countries and in Haiti. The JSI Research and Training Institute is part of the Partnership for Supply Chain Management, which now receives much of the funding previously allocated to JSI directly. JSI is also the leader of an AIDSTAR consortium.

ICF Macro (also known as Macro International) is part of the Opinion Research Corporation (ORC). The company's mission is "to deliver high-quality, research-based solutions to complex problems". ORC Macro has been involved in designing, delivering, and evaluating HIV/AIDS programmes since the mid 1980s. Its current projects include MEASURE Evaluation and MEASURE DHS.

University Research Co. (URC) is a professional services firm. With its non-profit affiliate, the Center for Human Services, URC works in the United States and abroad on projects spanning communications and outreach; education and training; health and population; quality management; and research and evaluation. PEPFAR-funded projects include the Health Care Improvement (HCI) Project.

Faith-based organisations

Faith-based organisations have always been essential to local responses to HIV and AIDS.

Catholic Relief Services (CRS) is the official international relief and development agency of the US Catholic community. Its mission is "to assist the poor and disadvantaged, leveraging the teachings of the Gospel of Jesus Christ to alleviate human suffering, promote development of all people and to foster charity and justice throughout the world". CRS works with counterparts - many of them local faith-based organisations - and is not itself operational in the field. It supports HIV/AIDS prevention and care programmes in many African countries, Guyana and Haiti, but for religious reasons does not promote the use of condoms. CRS is a member of the AIDSRelief consortium. CRS’s projects include Support to Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV/AIDS which operates in Botswana, Haiti, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia, and Avoiding Risk, Affirming Life, which promotes abstinence and healthy behaviours among youth in Ethiopia, Uganda and Rwanda. CRS received the third largest amount of PEPFAR funds in FY 2007.

Fresh Ministries is a multi-faith organisation based in Florida. In October 2004 Fresh Ministries received $10 million from PEPFAR for a project called Siyafundisa, which will be administered in partnership with the Anglican Church of the Province of Sourthern Africa. Siyafundisa will concentrate on children and young adults in South Africa, Mozambique and Namibia, teaching abstinence until marriage and combatting AIDS-related stigma.

HOPE worldwide is a faith-based charity founded in 1991 by the International Churches of Christ. HOPE worldwide is a PEPFAR partner with prevention, care and treatment projects in Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya and South Africa.

Mission for Essential Drugs and Supplies (MEDS) is an ecumenical partnership of the Kenya Episcopal Conference and the Christian Health Association of Kenya, and is based in Nairobi. MEDS is the purchaser and distributor of the vast majority of PEPFAR-procured antiretroviral drugs in Kenya.

Samaritan's Purse is "a nondenominational evangelical Christian organization providing spiritual and physical aid to hurting people around the world". It is run by Franklin Graham, son of the evangelist Billy Graham. Like HOPE worldwide, CRS, Fresh Ministries and World Vision, Samaritan's Purse is one of nine faith-based organisations to have received funding under the USAID "HIV/AIDS Prevention Through Abstinence and Healthy Choices for Youth" programme.

World Relief is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the US National Association of Evangelicals, which is made up of more than 50 member denominations and hundreds of evangelical churches. World Relief's mission is "to work with, for and from the Church to relieve human suffering, poverty and hunger worldwide in the name of Jesus Christ". The organisation's Mobilizing for Life project promotes a faith-based approach to HIV prevention (abstinence until marriage and fidelity within marriage) in Haiti, Kenya, Mozambique and Rwanda. Condoms are sometimes supplied through pastors to those who request them, but they are not actively promoted. World Relief also helps churches to provide care and support for those affected by HIV and AIDS, including orphans.

World Vision describes itself as "a Christian relief and development organisation working for the well being of all people, especially children". This very large, independent organisation has HIV/AIDS prevention and care projects in several focus countries as part of its HOPE Initiative, and has received PEPFAR funds under the USAID "HIV/AIDS Prevention Through Abstinence and Healthy Choices for Youth" programme. The organisation believes in encouraging condom use among sex workers.

HIV/AIDS nonprofit organisations

Many organisations are solely dedicated to fighting HIV and AIDS around the world.

The Children's AIDS Fund (CAF) - formerly part of Americans for a Sound AIDS/HIV Policy - started work in the US in 1987 and has operated in Africa since 1988. In Uganda, Zambia and South Africa, CAF "works to limit suffering of children and their families caused by HIV disease by providing care, services, resources, referrals, and education". CAF favours "a focus on risk avoidance prevention messaging" (particularly abstinence until marriage) rather than generalised condom promotion.

The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) runs its International Family AIDS Initiatives in 18 countries including eight African focus countries. The programmes focus on preventing mother-to-child transmission, and providing care and treatment including antiretroviral therapy.

The International HIV/AIDS Alliance is the European Union's largest HIV/AIDS-focused development organisation. The Alliance is an initiative of people, organisations and communities working to support community responses to HIV and AIDS by forging partnerships, sharing knowledge, accessing financial resources, and offering technical assistance. It supports projects in HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment, and campaigns for policy changes. Current programmes exist in Côte d'Ivoire, Mozambique, Nigeria, Uganda, Zambia and the Caribbean. The Alliance is a member of the Health Communication Partnership and the CORE Initiative consortium.

Other nonprofit organisations

Other organisations see the fight against HIV and AIDS as critical to their pursuit of wider goals, such as improving public health or eliminating poverty.

The Academy for Educational Development (AED) is "committed to solving critical social problems and building the capacity of individuals, communities, and institutions to become more self-sufficient". AED works in all the major areas of human development, including HIV/AIDS prevention and care. AED has PEPFAR-funded projects in at least nine focus countries.

The American Red Cross has received $7 million from USAID to teach young people in Guyana, Haiti and Tanzania how to prevent HIV infection through "abstinence and other healthy behaviors". The five-year programme is a collaboration with African Red Cross societies. The American Red Cross also works with PEPFAR in Kenya.

CARE is one of the world's largest private international humanitarian organisations. As part of its fight to reduce poverty, CARE works to prevent HIV infection and to mitigate its effects in more than two-dozen poor countries. In the most affected regions, CARE is "maintaining a primary focus on highly vulnerable groups, including migrant laborers, commercial sex workers, truckers, refugees, orphans and adolescents". CARE promotes grassroots efforts and assists local organisations.

Family Health International (FHI) is a nonprofit organisation which aims to improve lives through research, education, and services in family and reproductive health. FHI's expertise is in providing technical and managerial assistance and training to developing country governments, non-governmental organizations and private-sector agencies. FHI runs the Global HIV/AIDS Initiative Nigeria, a project totalling $193m over five years and leads an AIDSTAR consortium. 

JHPIEGO is an affiliate of The Johns Hopkins University. JHPIEGO works in at least eight focus countries and is the leader of an AIDSTAR consortium. It was awarded $20m by USAID to improve HIV and AIDS treatment services in three South African provinces and received a $16.5m five-year grant in 2008 to improve access to counselling and testing services in Tanzania.

Management Sciences for Health (MSH) is a private, nonprofit educational and scientific organisation. MSH works in at least thirteen focus countries to improve public health through integrated technical assistance aimed at improving the management of people, medicines, money, and systems. MSH is a partner in USAID's Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems programme, is part of the Partnership for Supply Chain Management and is the leader of two AIDSTAR consortia (Sector I and Sector II).

Pact is a nonprofit organisation whose mission is "to help build strong communities globally that provide people with an opportunity to earn a dignified living, raise healthy families, and participate in democratic life". Pact works to prevent HIV infection and to care for those affected by providing technical, organisational and institutional capacity building for communities and organisations. Pact is a partner in Community REACH.

PATH is a nonprofit organisation that works to improve global health through implementing new technologies, strengthening systems and encouraging healthy behaviour in culturally relevant ways. It is a leader of an AIDSTAR consortium receiving $10m over five years to improve the lives of vulnerable children and orphans in South Africa affected by HIV and AIDS.

Pathfinder International works to improve the reproductive health of people in the developing world. The organisation has HIV/AIDS projects supported by PEPFAR in at least five focus countries including Vietnam. These projects involve HIV prevention and care, with a particular focus on home-based care and helping especially vulnerable groups, including sex workers and injecting drug users.

Population Services International (PSI) is a nonprofit social marketing organisation. PSI has been promoting abstinence, fidelity and condoms as HIV prevention strategies since 1988, and also promotes voluntary HIV testing and counselling. PSI leads an AIDSTAR consortium and directs the Behavior Change and Social Marketing (BCSM) project in Rwanda, in conjunction with Johns Hopkins University and other organisations. Utilising $20m over five years, the project aims to improve access to HIV services through social marketing, promote better health practices through educational activities, improve data collection, and strengthen Rwandan institutions’ technical capacity.

Save the Children has received PEPFAR support for HIV/AIDS work in Ethiopia, Mozambique, South Africa and Vietnam. It divides its projects into three focus areas: supporting and caring for orphans and vulnerable children; preventing HIV-transmission among at-risk youth; and prevention of mother-to-child transmission and pediatric AIDS.

Major international projects

The projects listed below are funded through USAID, unless stated otherwise, and are contracted out to partners or consortia for implementation.

AIDSRelief is a project that provides ARV treatment in nine focus countries including Haiti and Guyana. It is entirely funded through the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) and is implemented by Catholic Relief Services, Catholic Medical Mission Board, Interchurch Medical Assistance, Futures Group International and the University of Maryland's Institute of Human Virology. First year funding for AIDSRelief was $24.7 million, and anticipated total support is $335 million over five years, ending in 2009.

AIDSTAR (AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources) is a very large, wide-ranging project that will award up to $700 million over five years to 13 contractors. The project was announced in late 2005 and awards were announced in mid-2007. AIDSTAR has two separate parts: Sector I involves HIV prevention, care and treatment, while Sector II addresses institutional capacity building. The seven partnerships implementing Section I are led by FHI, JHPIEGO, MSH, JSI, PATH, PSI, and RTI International. The six partnerships implementing Section II are led by Abt Associates, BearingPoint Inc., Booz Allen Hamilton, Training Resources Group, MSH, and Social Sectors Development Strategies.

Community REACH is a five-year HIV/AIDS grant-giving mechanism implemented by Pact in partnership with Futures Group International. Community REACH has provided funds to organisations in 12 focus countries.

DELIVER is a supply chain management project, which is managed by JSI. DELIVER helps developing countries to improve logistics systems for various public health and family planning products, most notably condoms.

The Health Policy Initiative provides up to $325m to be bid on by four contractors – Abt Associates, Chemonics International, Futures Group International, and the Research Triangle Institute – over five years from 2005-2010. HPI projects aim to help countries expand health care provision particularly in the areas of HIV and AIDS, family planning/reproductive health, and maternal health.

The MEASURE Program (Monitoring and Evaluation to ASess and Use REsults) is "designed to provide and promote the use of accurate and timely information on population, health, and nutrition in developing countries". It includes the MEASURE DHS (Demographic and Health Surveys) programme, which is implemented by ORC Macro, in partnership with the Johns Hopkins CCP, PATH, Casals and Associates, and Jorge Scientific Corporation. MEASURE Evaluation is implemented by the Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, in partnership with Futures Group International, ORC Macro, JSI and Tulane University.

Project SEARCH (Supporting Evaluation and Research to Combat HIV/AIDS) consists of five partners who carry out and support research and evaluation to improve the coverage of HIV and AIDS services in developing countries. The five contractors – Boston University, Futures Group International, Family Health International, Johns Hopkins University, and the Population Council – can bid for projects totalling $200m over five years.

Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems is a five-year $147.5m contract awarded to several organizations including Management Sciences for Health, BroadReach and the University of Washington Department of Global Health. SPS continues the work of the previous Rational Pharmaceutical Management (RPM) Plus programme and aims to improve governance within the pharmaceutical sector and expand access to essential medicines.

The Supply Chain Management System is run by the Partnership for Supply Chain Management, a consortium established in 2005 comprising JSI and MSH as well as 14 other organisations. USAID says the supply chain "will provide one-stop shopping for programs to obtain HIV/AIDS-related products" including drugs, HIV test kits and laboratory materials. The contract funds up to $77 million in system operating expenses and technical assistance over the first three years, and the drugs and supplies handled by the system could total $500 million or more over the same period.

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References:

1. The Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation (2008, 31st July), ‘President Bush Signs PEPFAR Reauthorization Bill’.
2. Bureau of International Information Programs, U.S. Department of State (2003, 8th December), 'AIDS Coordinator Lists Web Sites for Funding Mechanisms'.
3. Institute of Medicine (2007) ‘PEPFAR Implementation: Progress and Promise’.
4. Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of State, (2009) ‘Countries’.
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6. The Center for Public Integrity (2006, 30th November), 'Bush's AIDS Initiative: Too Little Choice, Too Much Ideology'.
7. Center for Global Development (2008), 'The numbers behind the stories: PEPFAR funding for fiscal years 2004-2006'.
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10. Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of State (2007, December), 'New Partner Organizations: Second Round'.
11. Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of State (2008, December), 'New Partner Organizations: Third Round'.
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16. Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of State (2009), 'Celebrating Life: Fifth Annual Report to Congress on PEPFAR'.
17. Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (2006, May), 'EPN Statement on PEPFAR Supply Chain Management System'.
18. Institute of Medicine (2007) ‘PEPFAR Implementation: Progress and Promise’.
19. Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of State, 'Partners'.